Materials (recommended)

Contents

1 Definition
2 Text/URI
3 Repeatable
4 Obligation level
5 Recording notes
6 Terminology recommendation
7 Examples
8 Expression in LIDO v1.0
9 Expression in LIDO v1.1
10 Comparison with relevant standards and database models
11 ID data element

Definition

An indication of the materials from which an object or work is made.

Text/URI

Text (controlled vocabulary) and/or URI

Repeatable

Yes

Obligation level

Recommended

Recording notes

This data element indicates the materials from which the object or work was or is made or is composed of. Controlled vocabulary is recommended. This supports better findability in portals.

Cataloguing: Information on materials and techniques is particularly relevant for the purposes of clear proof of ownership.

Terminology recommendation

Art & Architecture Thesaurus: Materials Facet

Integrated Authority File (GND, German National Library): The following search interfaces provide a convenient way to search the GND: https://explore.gnd.network/ (GND-Explorer), https://lobid.org/gnd (lobid-gnd), https://swb.bsz-bw.de/DB=2.104/ (OGND)

Wikidata

For further vocabularies see the publication FAIR Vocabularies and Authority Files for Museums and Collections

Examples

URI	Preferred term

URI	Preferred term
http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300011029	silver (metal)
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4350482-6	Bast [engl.: Bast]
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4144643-4	Bergkristall [engl.: Rock crystal]
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4152058-0	Email (Beschichtung) [eng: Enamel and enameling <LCSH match>]
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4033676-1	Kunststoff [eng: Plastics <LCSH match>]
http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300015062	tempera
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28129555	zinc sheet
https://d-nb.info/gnd/118728372X	Elektron (Legierung) [eng: Elektrum <LCSH match>]

Expression in LIDO v1.0

<lido:eventMaterialsTech>     
    <lido:materialsTech>
	    <lido:termMaterialsTech lido:type="http://terminology.lido-schema.org/lido00132">
		 	 <lido:conceptID lido:type="http://terminology.lido-schema.org/lido00099">http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300011029</lido:conceptID>
             <lido:term xml:lang="de">Silber</lido:term>
             <lido:term xml:lang="en">silver (metal)</lido:term>
        </lido:termMaterialsTech>
    </lido:materialsTech>
</lido:eventMaterialsTech>

Expression in LIDO v1.1

<lido:eventMaterialsTech>
	<lido:materialsTech>
		<lido:termMaterialsTech type="http://terminology.lido-schema.org/lido00132">
			<skos:Concept rdf:about="http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300011029">
				<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="de">Silber</skos:prefLabel>
				<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">silver (metal)</skos:prefLabel>
			</skos:Concept>
		</lido:termMaterialsTech>
	</lido:materialsTech>
</lido:eventMaterialsTech>

Example of an event-independent materials specification

<lido:objectMaterialsTechWrap>
    <lido:objectMaterialsTechSet>
        <lido:materialsTech>
		    <lido:termMaterialsTech lido:type="http://terminology.lido-schema.org/lido00132">
			    <skos:Concept rdf:about="http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300011029">
				    <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="de">Silber</skos:prefLabel>
				    <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">silver (metal)</skos:prefLabel>
			    </skos:Concept>
		    </lido:termMaterialsTech>
	    </lido:materialsTech>
    </lido:objectMaterialsTechSet>
</lido:objectMaterialsTechWrap>

Comparison with relevant standards and database models

Standard	Element name	Text/URI	Repeatable	Obligation level	Comment

Standard	Element name	Text/URI	Repeatable	Obligation level	Comment
German Digital Library: Metadata requirements for data provision	(No match)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not mandatory
German Digital Library LIDO application profile (DDB-LIDO)	<objectMaterialsTechWrap> oder <eventMaterialsTech>	Text (controlled vocabulary) and optionally URI	Yes	Not mandatory	Optional labelling: http://terminology.lido-schema.org/lido00132 for Materials
CCC-LIDO Application profile	Material/Technique <eventMaterialsTech> / <materialsTech> / <termMaterialsTech> / <term> and <conceptID>	Text (controlled vocabulary) and URI (AAT)	Yes	Not mandatory
Darwin Core	dwc:materialEntityType	Text (kontrolliertes Vokabular) and/or URI	Not specified	Not specified
DFG Basic Data Record	(No match)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not mandatory
DFG Practical Guidelines on Digitisation: LIDO core metadata	Information on materials and techniques relating to event <eventMaterialsTech>	Text (controlled vocabulary) and/or URI	Yes	Mandatory if available	Alternatively, the information on material and/or technology in <objectMaterialsTechWrap> / <objectMaterialsTechSet> is also possible independently of the event.
Europeana Data Model (EDM)	<dcterms:medium>	Text (controlled vocabulary)	Yes	Not mandatory
EODEM application profile	Material Description /lido:objectMaterialsTechWrap/lido:objectMaterialsTechSet/ lido:displayMaterialsTech/	Text	Yes	Recommended
Categories for the Description of Works of Art (2024)	7.5 Materials/Techniques Name	Text (controlled vocabulary)	Yes	Recommended	7.1. Materials/Techniques Description is listed as CORE-Element. Vocabulary recommendation: Art & Architecture Thesaurus or general terms in another controlled vocabulary.
CDWA Lite (2006)	8.1.1 Term Materials Techniques	Text (controlled vocabulary)	Yes	Not mandatory	Vocabulary recommendation: Art & Architecture Thesaurus.
Linked Art	/made_of[type=Material]/id also possible: /referred_to_by[type=LinguisticObject][classified_as[type=Type]/id=Description]/content	Text and/or URI	Yes	Optional	Alternative for free-text materials: identical to the object description
Spectrum 5.1	Material	Text (controlled vocabulary)	Yes	Not specified	The obligation level is determined by the institution.
schema.org (v30.0)	[@type='CreativeWork'].material [@type='VisualArtWork'].artworkSurface	Text (controlled vocabulary) and/or URI	Not specified	Not specified	Modeling in http://schema.org is sample-based; the flexible data model allows various solutions. For @type, the most generic suitable type is suggested.
digiCULT	Material [eng.: Materials]	Text (controlled vocabulary) and/or URI	Yes	Recommended
museum-digital	Materials/Technique Materials Schlagwort (Material) [eng.: tags (material)]	Text	Yes	Recommended	Materials and techniques can be recorded in museum-digital in different ways: Either in one or in two separate data fields; recently it has also become possible to record them as a "categorised keyword". See this blog post.

ID data element

mds0006